Bitcoin FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions)

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Bitcoin is a consensus network that enables a new payment system and a completely digital money. It is the first decentralized peer-to-peer payment network that is powered by its users with no central authority or middlemen. From a user perspective, Bitcoin is pretty much like cash for the Internet. Bitcoin can also be seen as the most prominent triple entry bookkeeping system in existence.

Bitcoin is the first implementation of a concept called "cryptocurrency", which was first described in by Wei Dai on the cypherpunks mailing list, suggesting the idea of a new form of money that uses cryptography to control its creation and transactions, rather than a central authority. The first Bitcoin specification and proof of concept was published in in a cryptography mailing list by Satoshi Nakamoto.

Satoshi left the project in late without revealing much about himself. The community has since grown exponentially with many developers working on Bitcoin. Satoshi's anonymity often bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki unjustified concerns, many of which are linked to misunderstanding of the open-source nature of Bitcoin. The Bitcoin protocol and software are published openly and any developer around the world can review the code or make their own modified version of the Bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki software.

Just like current developers, Satoshi's influence was limited to the changes he made being adopted by others and therefore he did not control Bitcoin. As such, the identity of Bitcoin's inventor is probably as relevant bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki as the identity of the person who invented paper.

Nobody owns the Bitcoin network much like no one owns the technology behind email. Bitcoin is controlled by all Bitcoin users around bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki world.

While bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki are improving the software, they can't force a change in the Bitcoin protocol because all users are free to choose what software and version they use.

In order to stay compatible with each other, all users need to use software complying with the same rules. Bitcoin can only work correctly with a complete consensus among all users.

Therefore, all users and developers have a strong incentive to protect this consensus. From a user perspective, Bitcoin is nothing more than a mobile app or computer program that provides a personal Bitcoin wallet and allows a user to send and receive bitcoins with them. This is how Bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki works for most users.

Behind the scenes, the Bitcoin network is sharing a public ledger called the "block chain". This ledger contains every transaction ever processed, allowing a user's computer to verify the validity of each transaction. The authenticity of each transaction is protected by digital signatures corresponding to the sending addresses, allowing all users to have full control over sending bitcoins from their own Bitcoin addresses.

In addition, anyone can bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki transactions using the computing power of specialized hardware and earn a reward in bitcoins for this service. This is often called "mining". To learn more about Bitcoin, you can consult the dedicated page and the original paper. There are a growing number of businesses and individuals using Bitcoin. This includes brick-and-mortar businesses like restaurants, apartments, and law firms, as well as popular online services such as Namecheap, Overstock.

While Bitcoin remains a relatively new phenomenon, it is growing fast. At the end of Aprilthe total value of all existing bitcoins exceeded 20 billion US dollars, with millions of dollars worth of bitcoins exchanged daily.

While it may be possible to find individuals who wish to sell bitcoins in exchange for a bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki card or PayPal payment, most exchanges do not allow funding via these payment methods.

This is due to cases where someone buys bitcoins with PayPal, and then reverses their half of the bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki. This is commonly referred to as a chargeback. Bitcoin payments are easier to make than debit or credit card purchases, and can be received without a merchant account.

Payments are made from a wallet application, either on your computer or smartphone, by entering the recipient's address, the payment amount, and pressing send. To make it easier to enter a recipient's address, many wallets can obtain the address by scanning a QR code or touching two phones together with NFC technology. Much of the trust in Bitcoin comes from the fact that it requires no trust at all.

Bitcoin is fully open-source and decentralized. This means that anyone has access to the entire source code at any time. Any developer in the world can therefore verify exactly how Bitcoin works. All transactions and bitcoins issued into existence can be transparently bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki in real-time by anyone. All payments can be made without reliance on a third party and the whole system is protected by heavily peer-reviewed cryptographic algorithms like those used for online banking.

No organization or individual can control Bitcoin, and the network remains secure even if not all of its users can be trusted. You should never expect to get rich with Bitcoin or any emerging technology. It is always important to be wary of anything that sounds too good to be true or disobeys basic economic rules.

Bitcoin is a growing space of innovation and there are business opportunities that also include risks. There is no guarantee that Bitcoin will continue to grow even though it has developed at a very fast rate so far. Investing time and resources on anything related to Bitcoin requires entrepreneurship.

There are various ways to make money with Bitcoin such as mining, speculation or running new businesses. All of these methods are competitive and there is no guarantee of profit. It is up to each individual to make a proper evaluation of the costs and the risks involved in any such project.

Bitcoin is as virtual as the credit cards and online banking networks people use everyday. Bitcoin can be used to pay online and in physical stores just like any other form of money. Bitcoins can also be exchanged in physical form such as the Denarium coinsbut paying with a mobile phone usually remains more convenient. Bitcoin balances are stored in a large distributed network, and they cannot be fraudulently altered by anybody.

In other words, Bitcoin users have exclusive control over their funds and bitcoins cannot vanish just because they are virtual. Bitcoin is designed to allow its users to send and receive payments with an acceptable level of privacy as well as any other form of money. However, Bitcoin is not anonymous and cannot offer the same level of privacy as cash.

The use of Bitcoin leaves extensive public records. Various mechanisms exist to protect users' privacy, and more are in development. However, there is still work to be done before these features are used correctly by most Bitcoin users. Some concerns have been raised that private transactions could be used for illegal purposes with Bitcoin. However, it is worth noting that Bitcoin will undoubtedly be subjected to similar regulations that are already in place inside existing financial systems.

Bitcoin cannot be more anonymous than cash and it is not likely to prevent criminal investigations from being conducted. Additionally, Bitcoin is also designed to prevent a large range of financial crimes. When a user loses his wallet, it has the effect of removing money out of circulation.

Lost bitcoins still remain in the block chain just like any other bitcoins. However, lost bitcoins remain dormant forever because there is no way for anybody to find the private key s that would allow them to be spent again. Because of the law of supply and demand, when fewer bitcoins are available, the ones that are left will be in higher demand and increase in value to compensate.

The Bitcoin network can already process a much higher number of transactions per second than it does today. It is, however, not entirely ready to scale to the level of major credit card networks.

Work is underway to lift current limitations, and future requirements are well known. Since inception, every aspect of the Bitcoin network has been in a continuous process of maturation, optimization, and specialization, and it should be expected to remain that way for some years to come.

As traffic grows, more Bitcoin users may use lightweight clients, and full network nodes may become a more specialized service.

For more details, see the Scalability page on the Wiki. To the best of our knowledge, Bitcoin has not been made illegal by legislation in most jurisdictions.

However, some jurisdictions such as Argentina and Russia severely restrict or ban foreign currencies. Other jurisdictions such as Thailand may limit the licensing of certain entities such as Bitcoin exchanges. Regulators from various jurisdictions are taking steps to provide individuals and businesses with rules on how to integrate this new technology with the formal, regulated financial system.

Bitcoin is money, and money has always been used both for legal and illegal purposes. Cash, credit cards and current banking systems widely surpass Bitcoin in terms of their use to finance crime. Bitcoin can bring significant innovation in payment systems and the benefits of such innovation are often considered to be far beyond their potential drawbacks. Bitcoin is designed to be a huge step forward in making money more secure and could also act as a significant protection against many forms of financial crime.

For instance, bitcoins are completely impossible to counterfeit. Users are in full control of their payments and cannot receive unapproved charges such as with credit card fraud. Bitcoin transactions are irreversible and immune to fraudulent chargebacks. Bitcoin allows money to be secured against theft and loss using very strong and useful mechanisms such as backups, encryption, and multiple signatures. Some concerns have been raised that Bitcoin could be more attractive to criminals because it can be used to make private and irreversible payments.

However, these features already exist with cash and wire transfer, which are widely used and well-established. The bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki of Bitcoin will undoubtedly be subjected to similar regulations that are already in place inside existing financial systems, and Bitcoin is not likely to prevent criminal investigations from being conducted.

In general, it is common for important breakthroughs to be perceived as being controversial before their benefits are well understood. The Internet bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki a good example among many others to illustrate this. The Bitcoin protocol itself cannot be modified without the cooperation of nearly all its users, who choose what software they use.

Attempting to assign special rights to a local authority in the rules of the global Bitcoin network is not a practical possibility. Any rich organization could choose to invest in mining hardware to control half of the computing power of bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki network and become able to block or reverse recent transactions. However, there is no guarantee that they could retain this power since this requires to invest as much than all other miners in the world.

It is bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki possible to regulate the use of Bitcoin in a similar way bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki any other instrument. Just like the bitcoin faq frequently asked questionsbitcoin wiki, Bitcoin can be used for a wide variety of purposes, some of which can be considered legitimate or not as per each jurisdiction's laws.

In this regard, Bitcoin is no different than any other tool or resource and can be subjected to different regulations in each country.

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Bitcoin Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer digital currency that can be safely and instantly sent to any person in the world. This currency is like electronic money, which you can share with friends or use to pay for your purchases. Bitcoin is a currency unit of Bitcoin system. Physical bitcoins also exist, but, generally, bitcoin is just a number connected to the address. Physical bitcoins are just objects like coins with inbuilt number. Considering Bitcoin is a new technology, at first it can be unclear what it is and how it works.

People often see Bitcoin as one of three options:. If you spend much time online, you, probably, often meet an advertising of different scams. These ads usually promise big benefit for simple work. Most often they convince people to buy certain block of shares that will bring ones pots of money. But in fact, customer has to spread more those ads without any gain.

Bitcoin has nothing in common with such schemes. Bitcoin does not promise superior returns. Bitcoin is an experimental virtual currency, which is going to be a success or fail.

None of the developers expects to get rich because of it. The majority of people using Bitcoin does not benefit from this, and client in the form it is distributed does not give you the opportunity to earn. Few people with special highly productive equipment earn Bitcoins by "mining" creating new Bitcoins , using special software, but Bitcoin should not be considered as a path to wealth. Most users participate in this project, because they consider its concept interesting, but they do not benefit from it.

Bitcoin makes its first steps. Maybe great things await it in the future, but now it's just a technology that can be offered to the people interested in conceptual projects or new technologies.

Bitcoin is a new, interesting e-Currency, and its value is not supported by governments or organizations. Like other currencies, it is worth something, because people are willing to exchange it for goods and services. Its exchange rate is constantly fluctuating, sometimes very strong. Bitcoin lacks wide recognition; it is vulnerable to manipulation by persons without large assets.

Security incidents, such as hacking a website and leakage of the accounts, can cause serious problems with uncontrolled selling of currency. There are other probable fluctuations that can trigger feedback and cause much larger changes in the exchange rate. Anyone who invests in Bitcoin, should understand the risk he takes, and consider Bitcoin as a currency with a high level of risk.

Later, when the Bitcoin becomes more famous and widely recognized, it may stabilize, but at this point everything is unpredictable. Any investment in the Bitcoin must be exercised with a clear risk management plan. You can buy the physical bitcoins with PayPal, but it will be more difficult and expensive with electronic coins, because of the significant risk for the seller.

There is a method of buying Bitcoins via PayPal, but it is subject to a large commission. Despite you may find someone who wants to sell you Bitcoins via Paypal, perhaps using bitcoin-otc , most exchanges does not work with PayPal. It is related to the high incidence of fraud: In this situation, PayPal often takes the side of the cheating buyer, so sellers have to insure against risks by higher commissions or complete rejection of Paypal. Purchasing Bitcoins from individuals is still possible, but the seller must be sure the buyer will not complain to PayPal, to get his payment back.

New bitcoins are generated through the "Mining" process. During the process, which is similar to a permanent lottery, hosts are awarded with Bitcoins every time they find the solution to a mathematical problem and thus create a new block. Creation of block is a work proof and complexity of the process varies with the growth of network.

Award for the creation of the block is adjusted automatically. Thus every four years of the networking half of bitcoins is created, that have been created over the past four years. During the first 4 years January - November 10,, Every four years, this amount will be divided in two; it will be equal to 5,, over the next four years, then 2,,, and so on. Thus, the total number of Bitcoins will never exceed 20,, Blocks are mined every 10 minutes on average, and for the first four years , blocks each block contained 50 new Bitcoins.

Since the amount of processing equipment used in mining increases, the difficulty of creating new Bitcoins is growing. This complexity factor is calculated every blocks; it is based on the time it took to create the previous blocks.

Their number is constantly increasing. How many parts bitcoins can be divided to? Bitcoin can be divided to 8 decimal places.

It is also called "Satoshi" in honor of the founder of Bitcoin. If necessary, the protocol and software can be modified to work with smaller amounts. There are many disputes how to call units smaller than 1 bitcoin. The most popular options are: The use of existing national symbols of money, such as "cent", "nickel", "dime", "pence", "pound", "penny", is not supported, too, because it is a worldwide currency.

In the end reward for block declines from 0. Reward for the block is calculated as the bitwise shift of bit integer to the right, so it is divided by two and rounded down. If the original award was 50 BTC, then how many 4-year periods bitcoins have to be mined to reach zero?

How much time it takes to create all the coins? The last block generating coins will be the block number , which should be created in The total circulating number of coins will be 20,, Even if permitted accuracy increases from current 8 decimal places, the total circulating number of BTC will always be slightly below 21 million assuming that everything else will remain unchanged.

For example, with accuracy of 16 after the decimal point we finally would get 20,, Even before the coins are over, commissions for the transactions included in the blocks will certainly become more rewarding for the creation of new blocks than the coins themselves.

When all coins are created, these commissions will support the use of Bitcoin and Bitcoin network itself. The number of blocks that can be created is unlimited. Because of a law of supply and demand bitcoins will cost more, provided their number reduces. So if some bitcoins are lost, others will grow in price to compensate. If the value of Bitcoins increases, number needed for purchase will decrease. This is deflationary economic model. Bitcoin protocol uses the basic block from one hundred million Bitcoins "Satoshi" , but unused bits allow you to work with even smaller parts.

Bitcoin protocol allows using lightweight clients that can work without downloading on your computer the entire transaction history. As traffic grows and this point is becoming increasingly important, methods are developed to implement such concepts.

Major network nodes will become more specialized services. With the help of some changes in the software full Bitcoin nodes will be able to catch up with VISA and MasterCard, but it will require a fairly humble hardware one high class server by today's standards. It is worth noting that the MasterCard network structure is similar to the Bitcoin - it is also a broadcast peer-to-peer network.

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