Back to Himalayan Geology. Nepal lies in the central part of km long Himalayan belt. It is an underdeveloped country with vast natural resources such as water, minerals, forest, varieties of agricultural products and medical herbs.
For the economic development of the country exploitation and proper use of such valuable resources, especially mineral resources, is extremely important.
Continues efforts are required to find the more mineral deposits and exploit them for the benefit of the people. Minerals are the nonrenewable natural resources. Sustainable development of such resources helps to strengthen the national economy. They were able to delineate quite a few prospective areas and identify some economic, sub-economic and non-economic mineral deposits in different parts of the country Fig.
Now the Government of Nepal GON should prioritize exploration, evaluation and sustainable development of industrial minerals, high price metals, base metals, fuel minerals, precious and semi precious stones. It should also invite potential national and international investors to invest in mineral and mining sector and establish mineral based industries by giving some incentive to bitcoin mining resources in nepal the investors in the beginning. Currently, over private investors have shown their interest and taken prospecting licenses to explore 27 mineral commodities and mining licenses to exploit 14 mineral commodities except river gravel and sand mines from DMG.
Few cement, marble, dead burnt magnesite DBMtalc, agri-lime and few other industries have been established but none of them are in regular production due to some unexpected disturbances and possibly least priority of the government. Only some limestone for cement, very few coal, semi-precious stones, lead and zinc, talc, clay and dimension and construction material mines are in operation.
Exploration of oil and natural gas by foreign companies, first by Shell Netherlands already left and later by Texana Resources Co. Inc, UAE leased block This way all ten petroleum prospective blocks are leased but the output from these companies are not satisfactory.
Mineral resources play vital role in industrial development and overall increase in the national GDP. Minerals and mine contribute about 0.
Mining activities can damage natural environment and it should be minimized by applying various methods and immediate rehabilitation of the mined land. Small scale historical iron, copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, nickel mines and placer gold panning in the major rivers and many slate, quartzite, dolomite and limestone quarries were operational in many districts.
Old working pits, audits, smelting places, scattered slag and remnant of mine materials stand as solid proofs of such mining activities in the past. In many cases the name of the village is derived after the particular mines e. One of the examples is Thoshe iron deposit which was reassessed by DMG and later explored in detail by a private company. Currently it is in the process of mine development to exploit iron ore in near future.
Nepal Himalaya can be bitcoin mining resources in nepal into five distinct morpho-geotectonic zones from south to north. Some of the bitcoin mining resources in nepal in Higher Himalaya are highly promising for precious and semiprecious stones like ruby, sapphire and emerald, and metallic minerals like lead, zinc, uranium, gold silver etc. Tibetan Tethys zone is prospective for limestone, gypsum, brine water saltradioactive minerals and natural gas. However, because of rugged topography, difficult mountain terrain, complex geology, lack of infrastructures and financial constrain exploration and exploitation of these mineral resources is still challenging.
Gas and oil seepages in Padukasthan, Sirsasthan and Navisthan in Dailekh and gas seeps in Muktinath in Mustang are the direct signature of the existence of oil and natural gas in Nepal. On these bases ten prospective blocks for exploration of petroleum and natural gas are identified.
Block was well explored by Shell Oil Co. But they have not yet started exploration work seriously. Metallic minerals are very much used in various purposes in day to day life. They are mostly extracted from their respective ores. Gold, platinum, silver and copper also occur as native state.
A numbers of metallic ore minerals are known to exist in different parts of Nepal but only the important ones are briefly described here. Iron Fe is the principal metal which is used extensively in infrastructure development works, and to manufacture heavy machinery equipment, arms and agricultural tools. Phulchoki iron deposit still bitcoin mining resources in nepal untransformed into commercialization due to its location in the environmentally sensitive area and shortage of power like electricity and unavailability of good quality coal in Nepal.
Thoshe iron deposit was mined in small scale during Rana's regime for almost years till BS. But it was totally stopped after BS. Coppe r Cu is another important metal which is mainly used in electrical industries to produce electrical and electronic equipments, copper wires, crafts, making alloys, utensils, and other household purposes. It was mined traditionally in Nepal since historic time but at present there is no running copper mine as such.
The common copper ore found in Nepal are chalcopyrite, malachite, azurite, covellite, cuprite, bornite, and chalcocite. Small scale copper mines were in operation in Gyazi GorkhaOkharbot Myagdi and Wapsa Solukhumbu till the last decade bitcoin mining resources in nepal they were able to produce 20 to 50mt finished copper per year.
In most cases their ore minerals e. Most of them are known as old workings. Lari deposit is an economic deposit with about 2 million mt. Cobalt Co prospects are not as common as iron, copper, lead and zinc in Nepal. Cobaltite, erythrite and absolite are the common ore of cobalt. There is no cobalt mine in operation at present.
The main ore of this metal is niccolite and pentlandite which are mainly associated with chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite. Gold Au is a precious metal which has worldwide market. It is widely used in making coins, ornaments, jewelry, dental appliances, electroplating, metal coating and many other purposes. Silver Ag is generally associated with zinc-lead ore and in gold.
None of them appeared as economic deposit suitable for mining. Tin Sn mineralizations are normally reported in the vicinity of granitic rocks. In-situ there are irregular cassiterite — quartz or casseterite — quartz - pyrite mineralized veins, and cassiterite rich floats are seen in Meddi Khola, but there is no significant economic deposit. Tungsten W is a very important element which is used in electric bulbs, making hard high speed cutting steels and tungsten cable, drilling bits, armory etc.
The common ores of tungsten are scheelite and wolframite. In Nepal tungsten ores like scheelite occurrences are known from Bamangaon polymetal deposit and few minor occurrences in other places of Dadeldhura and Makwanpur districts. Molybdenite is the chief bitcoin mining resources in nepal mineral. Ilmenite and Rutile contains titanium Ti. Rutile grains are commonly recorded in the heavy concentrate samples from north — south flowing major rivers of Nepal.
Uranium U and Thorium Th are the two known radioactive elements in Nepal. Radioactive minerals like autonite are recorded from Thumki, Jagat, Panchmane, Gagalphedi and Chunikhel in Shivapuri area in Kathmandu. Among them Upper Mustang, Gorang and Tinbhangale prospects appear quite interesting. Follow up detail work is warranted to confirm the deposits. It is mainly used to make alloys with antimony, lead, tin and cadmium in medicine and cosmetic items.
Cinnabar is the chief ore of Mercury Hg. Talalov has also reported cinnabar from the heavy concentrate sample from Khimti River and zinc-lead ore from Pangu. Lithium Li occurrences are bitcoin mining resources in nepal from the pegmatites of Hyakule and Phakuwa Sankhuwasabha bitcoin mining resources in nepal. Petalite and spodumene are the main ores of lithium. Lepidolite lithium mica appears to be the source of lithium in pegmatites. Pegmatites are the store house of Beryllium Be which can be extracted from beryl and aquamarine.
Arsenopyrite and realgar are the two main sources of Arsenic As which occur mainly in polymetallic deposits like Bamangaon and Bering Khola. Occasionally arsenopyrite is also the pathfinder mineral for gold mineralization.
Tentalum and niobium are traced form the pegmatites and granites in the Lesser Himalaya. Chemical bitcoin mining resources in nepal of some of the muscovites from pegmatites of Phakuwa Sankhuwasabha has indicated up to ppm Ta.
They rarely bitcoin mining resources in nepal in pure form rather they bitcoin mining resources in nepal diffusely with other minerals.
These elements are associated with alkaline rocks, granitic rocks, pegmatites, migmatized gneiss, carbonatite etc. Exploration of these very important elements has not been done in Nepal, however, possibilities of their finding is bitcoin mining resources in nepal in pegmatites, migmatized gneiss and granitic rocks of Nepal.
REEs have multiple uses like in cell phones, laptops, aircrafts and hundreds of other sophisticated modern equipments. Bitcoin mining resources in nepal these information indicate that Nepal is potential for metallic minerals. The exploration activities in the past have revealed that most of them are economically worthwhile deposits.
Now the price of many metals has gone up significantly. Therefore, further detail investigations bitcoin mining resources in nepal the known areas, evaluation of specific deposits and exploration in the new geologically prospective areas may lead to find the potential economic deposits of metallic minerals.
A number bitcoin mining resources in nepal nonmetallic minerals like limestone, magnesite, phosphorite, talc, dolomite, quartz, mica, clay, silica sand, graphite, diatomite, gemstones, decorative and dimension stones and construction materials lies in different parts of the country.
Some of the important ones which are mined or explored up to certain stages are briefly described. Exploration of limestone by DMG, in the past was able to identify a number of large to small size limestone deposits. Therefore, establishment of more cement factories based on own limestone resources is still rewarding. Preliminary studies indicate that there is a possibility to find more than 2.
In many cases Dolomite and limestone occur together in the same locality. Most of them are not yet explored in detail and still do not know their grade and quality to utilize as raw materials for industries. Phosphorite is one of the bitcoin mining resources in nepal raw materials to manufacture chemical fertilizers like fused magnesium phosphate, triple super phosphate etc.
Except three fertilizer blinding plant no other fertilizer industry based on the local phosphatrite exist in the country. Similar 1 to 23m thick stromatolitic phosphorite band is also traced at Tarugad, Juilgad, Goichan - Kandechaur area in Bajhang and further east to Bajura.
Kharidhunga magnesite an open cast mine has been developed to exploit magnesite as a raw material for Dead Burnt Magnesite DBM plant located in Lamosanghu, Sindhupalanchok district. Some technical problems appeared during test production of DBM and then the mine as well as DBM plant is remaining unproductive since more than 10 years. Occurrences of talc bands, lenses, veins and pockets are known in magnesite, dolomite and chloritic talc schist in different parts of Bitcoin mining resources in nepal, Dolakha, Sindhupalchok, Dhadhing, Chitwan, Tanahun, Kaski, Syangja, Surkhet, Bajhang, Bajura, Baitadi and Darchula districts.
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