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Summary — Numerous electronic sensors are available on the market that can be combined with an Arduino microcontroller board to measure environmental parameters of importance. Here we discuss a weather station that displays three prominent environmental parameters: Measuring data is one thing, displaying them is another. Two types of displays are described: Wiring diagrams and prototypes for both types of display are shown.
Introduction It is nice to be aware of the conditions of the environment inside and outside our home. We feel happy when the temperature and humidity are in the comfortable zone range.
The barometric pressure has a more general meaning as its movement up and down is indicative for the weather outside and not so much for the condition inside the home. Nevertheless, ambient temperature, humidity and barometric pressure are the most popular environmental indicators. In the good old days these parameters were measured with separate analogous instruments: Mercury thermometers and barometers are pretty accurate while, by contrast, the cheap hair hygrometer of old was notoriously inaccurate.
Concept and components of my Arduino weather station project: In the electronic age of today the market is flooded with cheap, efficient sensors that can be used to measure a plethora of environmental parameters. Instead of experimenting with one sensor at a time I wanted for the purpose of constructing a weather station to apply combinations of several sensors. This can be challenging given the abundance of communication protocols through which sensors communicate with the measurement and display electronics.
The final goal here was to construct a weather station based on a single Arduino platform that uses a modern air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a sensor that measures the relative humidity fig. Sensor for temperature and barometric pressure: The advantage of this sensor is that it uses I2C and SPI serial communication protocols that are supported by the Arduino family of microcontroller boards. The accuracy of the temperature measurement in the BMP is in the order of magnitude of one degree Celsius.
The BMP is available as a breakout device for the Arduino platform and is being marketed by various companies. Note that the BMP is a 3. The DHT11 is a 5V device; data is communicated via pin 2. Pin 3 is not connected. The DHT11 can be purchased from several companies as a 3-pin breakout device. Sensor for relative humidity: The DHT11 is a cheap digital humidity and temperature sensor that is on the market for quite some time. The small perforated casing houses a conductive humidity sensor that sniffs the moisture, and a thermistor that determines the temperature of the air flowing through the openings in the case.
The sensor is slow and the accuracy of its measurements is rather low temperature: DHT11s can be purchased in bulk at very economical price. In the present design temperature measurement of the DHT11 is neglected because the BMP performs much better in this respect. The question I asked myself was whether it is possible to read both sensors simultaneously with a single Arduino microcontroller and with one sketch: Then there is the question whether sufficient pins on the Arduino and enough memory space remain available to drive a TFT display with its complicated instruction set.
Parts used to build a prototype 1 x Arduino Nano 3 x breadboard 1 x 3. Displays TFT display weather station: LCD display weather station prototype: Wiring diagrams Two prototypes of the weather station were planned: Like the original it is a breakout board with 8 pins that communicates via a SPI interface. Resolution is width pixels and height pixels. The difference is that the clone is a strictly 3.
The display needs five dedicated pins on the Arduino to properly function: Furthermore it needs to be supplied with 3. A wiring diagram for this prototype is shown in figure 3. Note that the wiring diagram contains an external led LED; here: This is a control led whose pin is set HIGH for msec in the sketch at the end of every loop cycle.
Wiring scheme of my Arduino weather station: This is the wiring for the TFT prototype: Notice cycle control led marked LED. The LCD needs 3. The wiring of the LCD prototype weather station is shown in figure 4. Actual construction Both prototypes were constructed using the listed parts. I favor building prototypes in blocks to keep control of the project.
Building block by block makes testing easier as well. Also the stand on which the breadboard with the Arduino Nano and the TFT display are positioned consists of a recycled cassette tape case, the lid of which supports the breadboard.
The sensors were placed on a separate breadboard, also for the sake of working area tidiness. Pin 13 has an internal pull-up and gave problems in implementation in sketches. This resulted in the selection of pins D6 and D7 for connection with, respectively, the cycle indicating led and the data pin of the DHT11 sensor. The actual prototype of the TFT weather station: Zooming in on the 1. Name of the zipped file: These sketches also provide Serial Monitor output of barometric pressure, temperature and relative humidity.
Testing and use After building and testing the weather station prototypes, a process that progressed hand in hand with writing and testing the Arduino sketches, I now have two stable prototypes working: Because with some effort all components can be placed on one breadboard a small form factor can be achieved.
The final challenge in this project is to find a suitable, elegant casing for the electronics and the display. These are the two sketches: Sources of information BMP https: Productie Afgelopen week 19 zonnepanelen: Er verschijnt dan een Disqus venster.
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