It's common knowledge that a beautiful, well-designed and well-crafted tube mic preamp is going to cost as much as a budget used car. There is a low-cost 1 bit symphony buy used cars, nonetheless.
Given the right information and some patience, PAIA's tube mic pre can be modified to compete with much higher priced devices. They make excellent learning tools for those new to electronics. Best of all, PAIA's circuit design is rich with possibilities — make a few alterations, and this device really shines. At the heart of this preamp is one 12AX7 tube in a Class A, starved plate configuration. 1 bit symphony buy used cars gives the pre a unique sonic characteristic, different from vintage devices, which generally utilize at least V on the plate.
That's not bad, but it can 1 bit symphony buy used cars pushed much lower. Pin four of the tube connects to the AC side of the preamp's power supply, at a spot marked "F2", and pin five ties to the circuit ground.
The noise floor will improve once the filament pins are heated with filtered DC. To achieve this, disconnect pin 4 from the AC supply, and connect a 1W ohm resistor from pin 4 to the junction of D2, C3, and R2. This is the negative DC side of the power supply. Since most of the preamp's circuitry draws from the positive DC side, this helps to balance the supply load. Next, connect a uf 25V electrolytic capacitor between pins 4 and 5 of the tube.
This will provide a filtered VDC supply to the filaments and quiet things down. The type of tube used in this pre is important. The Ei exhibits very low noise and high gain, yet it maintains an incredible amount of musical detail and dynamic range.
It's also much cheaper than NOS Telefunkens. Make sure it has been pre-screened, since some of the Ei's tend to exhibit very high microphonics.
One section of great significance in any transformerless design is the input differential. It matches input impedance and determines the preamp's common mode rejection ratio. The input differential here utilizes a basic Wheatstone Bridge, two decoupling capacitors, and a diode network to discharge them, all of which are strapped between voltage and ground. Look at the components that make up the legs of the differential: R25 and R36, R26 and R Pull these resistors out of the circuit and measure them with a DMM.
Impedance differences within legs reduce the circuit's CMRR, so resistors within each leg 1 bit symphony buy used cars be matched to the ohm. Now that the differential bridge is finished, let's examine the solid-state section. R19 and R20 determine gain on the negative side, and R38 and R39 on the positive side.
On the output, IC3 is an inverter follower, using a to amplify and invert the signal from the tube. The 's have decent unity- gain specs, but they 1 bit symphony buy used cars be replaced with devices that will rival discrete circuit performance. Remove IC2 and IC3, and socket the op-amp footprints. 1 bit symphony buy used cars performs well in situations where gain is greater than five, and its wider bandwidth will provide better high-end response than thewithout drawing an excessive amount of current.
One important note — route the power switch AC wire along the back of the chassis, keeping it as far away from IC3 as possible, since it's sensitive to induced hum. The PAIA uses six coupling capacitors within the audio path.
Perhaps the most significant of these are the output couplings. Coupling is used in transformerless designs to compensate for voltage offset within the amplifier stages. That's very good, especially for a three-stage device with about 60dB of gain. Despite the low DC offset, it's a good idea to keep the RC coupling in place, although the 33uf caps are a bit large for the 's needs.
They allow frequency response down to 0. Upgrading the signal chain capacitors greatly improves the ability of the preamp to deliver a clean and accurate signal. Cheap electrolytics are not good at handling audio signals. They exhibit distortions and nonlinearities at 1 bit symphony buy used cars frequencies.
To avoid this, I replaced C17 and C20 1 bit symphony buy used cars 1uf xicon polypropylene capacitors, and I substituted a 47pf polystyrene for C C21 and C22 were replaced with 10uf 16v Black Gate "N" types and. There are just a few improvements left. C12 should be replaced with a larger value — a uf 50v cap instead of the stock 47uf.
The greater capacitance will prevent high-end, large diaphragm microphones from overloading the phantom power circuit. Use a 47uf cap to upgrade C14 from 1uf — this will reduce ripple on the tube plate. Altogether, these modifications will produce stellar sounding results, with very little distortion and less error than the stock design, and at a fraction of what comparable sounding devices would cost.
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