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The present invention relates to an electronic method for cryptographically secured transfer of an uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel of cryptocurrency. Further, the present invention relates to a server computer system, a server computer, a client computer system, a computer system and a data processing system for cryptographically secured transfer of an amount of cryptocurrency. From the prior art, various crypto currencies in itself so-called cryptocurrencies, see. Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
Besides Bitcoin various other crypto currencies are already known for the production of trust also the block chains or "block chain" technology see. Use, such as Litecoin. In addition, there are attempts to block chain for application beyond Uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel to use such.
Ein zentrales Element von Bitcoin ist die sogenannte Blockchain, auch Blockkette genannt, in welcher alle Bitcoin-Transaktionen verzeichnet werden. A central element of Bitcoin is the so-called block chain, also known as block chain in which all Bitcoin transactions are recorded.
The block chain consists of a series of data blocks in which each one or more transactions together and provided with a checksum. New blocks of the block chain are produced in a computationally intensive process, which is referred to as so-called mining.
These blocks newly generated are then added to the block chain and propagated throughout the network to all participants. Die in einem Block enthaltenen Transaktionen werden durch einen Merkle-Baum paarweise miteinander gehasht und nur der letzte resultierende Hashwert, der Root-Hash bzw. The transactions included in one block are hashed by a Merkle tree one another in pairs and only the final resultant hash value of the root hash or Wurzelhash, noted as a checksum in the header or the header of the block.
Chaining takes place the blocks by using this root hashes. Each block contains in its header, the hash of the entire header of the preceding block. Due to this concatenation, the order of the individual blocks is uniquely determined.
In addition, the subsequent change of previous blocks or the transactions contained therein, thereby preventing because of a change all subsequent blocks would have to uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel newly generated. A transfer by a Bitcoin amount between two subscribers is unwound in the form of a so-called transaction, which works essentially as a bank transfer.
For this, the payment sender needs a Bitcoin address of the payee, to be associated uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel the uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel to be paid, and one or more own Bitcoin addresses that or those Bitcoin amounts are allocated to at least the height of the referring amount. In the transaction, the payment sender indicates that the referring to Bitcoin amount, which is associated with its Bitcoin uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel the Bitcoin address of the payee is to be remapped.
To confirm his disposal over to be transferred amounts, the payment sender to the possession or knowledge of one or more secret cryptographic key which its corresponding Bitcoin addresses are assigned. New blocks of the block chain produced by the so-called Mining and then added to the block chain.
Dieser Vorgang des Minings ist sehr rechenintensiv. This process of mining is very computationally intensive. In return for his expenses, particularly its energy expenses, the participant who produces a valid block receives as a reward newly scooped Bitcoins as well as fees for the information contained in the block transactions.
Because it is a decentralized, anonymous system in which all participants have equal rights, the participants can not trust each other basically. Vertrauen entsteht vielmehr durch Mehrheitsentscheid.
Trust is created rather by majority decision. Valid blocks can be created only by computationally intensive mining. Thus, the participants in the longest valid block chain because behind this most computing power and thus the majority of the participants is suspected trust.
Uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel the entire processing power of the Bitcoin network falls in mining on solving a cryptographic task of the so-called proof-of-work. Thus should be ensured that the generating valid block is connected to a sufficiently high cost, so that a uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel modification of the block chain can be practically excluded.
Such subsequent modification could be tried for example, produce an alternative Asts the block chain. Thus this alternative branch uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel trusted, he would have more computing power than the bisherig include generally accepted branch of the block chain. For this purpose, but such an extensive processing power would be necessary that it is assumed that this is not applied by individual users or user groups. The participants, which produce blocks are remunerated for providing the appropriate processing power with currency units.
The greater the processing power of a subscriber, the more likely it is that it produces uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel valid block, and receives a corresponding uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel is.
Thus, there is a competition among the participants, in which they try to increase their share of the total processing power of the network to increase the likelihood of pay. Damit steigt aber auch der Ressourcenverbrauch, beispielsweise in Form von Strom sowie verwendeter Hardware. Uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel this also the consumption of resources, for example in the form of electricity and hardware used increases. Bitcoin is based on the block chain is updated roughly constant intervals.
Here, the difficulty level of the to be solved for the production of a valid block cryptographic problem, for example, adapted so that about every 10 minutes a new block is generated. To achieve this level of difficulty to be dissolved cryptographic problem is chosen, for example, take the solution in the static means of appropriate length, 10 minutes. Bei dem Bitcoin-System handelt es sich um ein offenes System, an dem jeder teilnehmen kann.
In the Bitcoin system is an open system in which everyone can participate. The number of participants who compete against each other to try to generate valid transaction blocks is therefore in principle unlimited.
As a result, the total processing power of the system increases due to the competition of newly added participants over time steadily, so the difficulty of the cryptographic system continuously increased so that the statistical period is kept constant for finding a solution.
The difficulty of the cryptographic problem and thus the amount of employed for solving resources is uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel of both the number of transactions and the value of transactions.
The effort, in particular, the power consumption is primarily dependent on the number in the competition for generating valid block participating subscriber, and the technical resources used by these, therefore. As a result, the consumption of resources in principle increases regardless of the extent of the unwound on the block chain payments required. This can ultimately lead to significant waste of resources.
The uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel is based on the object of providing an improved electronic method for cryptographically secured transfer of an amount of cryptocurrency which consumes less resources, especially less power, and uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel electronic equipment for implementing the method, that is, in particular, a data processing system for cryptographically secured transfer of an amount a crypto currency.
The present method is aimed at both block chains of companies "corporate block chains" and on private block chains.
The complete openness of Bitcoins is restricted deliberately. According to embodiments, the mining, that is the generation uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel new blocks of the block chain are carried out only uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel authorized miners or transaction servers. This restriction against the Bitcoin enables a significant resource savings. The objects underlying the invention are solved by the features of the independent claims.
Embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. Embodiments include an electronic method for cryptographically secured transfer of an amount of cryptocurrency by a transaction of the amount associated with a first client from a starting address to a client associated with a second destination address.
In this case, a plurality of clients is provided that comprises at least the first and the second client, wherein the client each a Walletprogramm is installed for realizing a client node of the cryptocurrency. In addition, a transaction server is provided on a transaction program is installed to implement a server nodes of crypto currency. The transaction uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel is configured to generate blocks of the block chain using transaction data, the transaction server comprises a private uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel a public server key of an asymmetric key pair server.
The transaction server comprises a server certificate of a hierarchical PKI with a central root certification authority, which is configured to serve as proof of the authenticity of the public server key, and the authorization of the transaction server for generating blocks of the block chain. Das Verfahren umfasst ferner: The method further comprises: Wallets can create destination addresses ia. The signing is a known standard feature of wallets to protect addresses and identification of wallets.
In particular, a Walletprogramm can on a client node, such as a mobile device to be installed. Miner genannt, wird hier und im Folgenden ein Server verstanden, der ein Transaktionsprogramm aufweist und zu Validierung von Transaktionen und zur Fortschreibung der Blockchain dient.
A transaction server receives transaction messages from the Walletprogrammen client nodes to validate this. According to embodiments of this can be done in a time competition with the other transaction server of crypto currency. Der erste Transaktionsserver, dem die Validierung einer Transaktionsnachricht gelingt, erzeugt einen weiteren Block der Blockchain und signalisiert dies an die anderen Mining Nodes, vergleiche hierzu auch The first transaction server, which manages a transaction validation uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel generates another block of the block chain and signals this to the other nodes Mining, this also compare.
In order to generate a target address of an asymmetric cryptographic key pair is generated consisting of uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel public key and a private key by the Walletprogramm of the subscriber who wishes to receive payments.
A "server computer" a computer is uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel here and below, which is connected to the Internet, and is designed as a client node of crypto currency. Bei dem Servercomputer kann es sich uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel einen virtuellen Server, einen einzelnen Computer oder ein verteiltes Computersystem handeln.
The server computer can be a virtual server, a single computer or a distributed computer system. A "certificate" refers here and a digital certificate in the following, which is also known as a public key certificate. In such a certificate is structured data that serve a public key of an asymmetric cryptosystem, an identity such as a person or a device to associate.
A certificate can be for example, include a public key and signed. Alternatively certificates are possible based on zero knowledge cryptosystems. Beispielsweise kann das Zertifikat dem For example, the certificate can the oder einem anderen Standard entsprechen. The PKI provides a system for issuing, distributing and checking digital certificates. A digital certificates uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel in an asymmetric cryptosystems to confirm the authenticity of a public key and its permissible scope and coverage.
The digital certificate itself is protected by a digital signature, uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel authenticity of which can be checked with the public key of the certificate issuer.
To check the authenticity of the exhibitors key, in turn, a digital certificate is used. In this way, a chain of digital certificates can be built, each confirm the authenticity of the public key with which the previous certificate can be checked. Eine solche Kette von Zertifikaten bildet einen sogenannten Validierungspfad oder Zertifizierungspfad. Such a chain of certificates forms a so-called validation path or the certification path. On the authenticity of the final certificate, the so-called root certificate and certified by this key, the PKI participants need to rely without another certificate.
The root certificate is managed by a so-called root certificate authority on which the secured presumed authenticity of the authenticity of all certificates of PKI back. Digital certificates are therefore a proven means uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel detect permissions for the security of electronic communications by asymmetric cryptographic methods.
Certificates are usually provided to a broad group of people available to provide this a test of electronic signatures for authenticity and validity. A certificate can be associated with an electronic signature when associated with the public key and private key to generate the test was used to electronic signature. Because a CSP provides a certificate in association with a public uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel to the general public, a certification service allows users asymmetric cryptosystems the public key of an identity, such as a person, an organization, a power or computer system to assign.
To ensure this, usually a public key infrastructure uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel necessary to confirm the validity of the keys used by certificates. The creation of a digital signature, hereinafter also referred to merely as a "signature" or "digital signature" is a cryptographic method in which to arbitrary data, for example, an electronic document, a further data value which is referred to as "signature", is calculated.
The signature can be, for example, an encrypted hash value of the electronic document, especially one associated with a certificate private key of a cryptographic key pair encrypted hash value. The special feature of such a signature is that their authorship uberweisungs bitcoin schlussel membership of a particular person or entity by any third party can be checked.
